Labour

The Government has been developing a new Labour Bill to replace the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651). In 2025, stakeholder consultations were conducted on a draft Labour Bill, 2025 (the “Labour Bill”). Among other things, the Labour Bill introduces paternity leave for fathers of newborn children, including in cases of surrogacy and adoption of children below one year; compassionate leave to care for a spouse, child or parent; and extends maternity leave to at least 14 weeks. The Labour Bill further addresses workplace violence and harassment by expanding its scope to include work-related communication channels, systems or platforms, including those enabled by information and communication technologies. The Labour Bill also introduces a framework for labour migration, enabling skilled Ghanaian workers to take up employment opportunities abroad where there is demand.

 

Data Privacy

The Data Protection Commission held stakeholder consultations on a draft Data Protection Bill, 2025 (the “Data Protection Bill”). The Data Protection Bill, if passed, would repeal the Data Protection Act, 2012 (Act 843), establish a Data Protection Authority (the “Authority”) and introduce new provisions as well as expand on existing ones. Key provisions include:

 

• Establishment of a Data Protection Authority: The Authority would have enhanced enforcement powers, including issuing corrective measures, imposing administrative fines and directing peer sector regulators to act against non-compliant entities.

 

• Expanded Scope: The definition of a data controller would extend to entities outside Ghana that offer goods or services to or monitor the behaviour of individuals within the country.

 

• Enhanced Data Subject Rights: The Data Protection Bill introduces additional rights, including the right to data portability and the right to erasure or to be forgotten.

 

• Cross-Border Data Transfers: Transfers of personal data would be subject to specified conditions, including consent, necessity and the existence of adequate safeguards.

 

The Data Protection Bill aims to modernise Ghana’s data protection regime and strengthen regulatory oversight.

 

 

Regulation on Virtual Assets

The Virtual Asset Service Providers Act, 2025 (Act 1154) (the “VASP Act”) was enacted to establish the legal framework for the registration, licensing and supervision of Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs) in Ghana. The VASP Act is jointly administered by the Bank of Ghana and the Securities and Exchange Commission, which are responsible for regulatory approval, supervision and enforcement. The VASP Act categorises VASP activities by type, function and description, assigns the relevant regulatory authority, and prescribes applicable regulatory requirements, including registration or licensing. Across all categories, VASPs are required to meet ongoing obligations, including AML/CFT compliance, consumer protection, business integrity and continuity, and cybersecurity.

 

The VASP Act incorporates robust anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing (AML/CFT) requirements. VASPs are required to implement risk-based AML/CFT programmes, conduct customer due diligence, maintain transaction records, and report suspicious transactions to the Financial Intelligence Centre. These requirements align with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendations on virtual assets and reflect Ghana’s commitment to addressing money-laundering risks associated with virtual asset activities.

 

 

Travel 

In 2025, Ghana signed visa waiver agreements with several countries, including Colombia, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Dominica. Generally, nationals of these countries may enter Ghana without a visa for up to 60 days for business or tourism purposes. Ghana has also signed visa waiver agreements with Algeria, Serbia, South Africa, Mauritius, Seychelles and Barbados, which apply to holders of all passport types.

 

Under Ghana’s visa arrangement with Morocco, holders of ordinary Ghanaian passports travelling to Morocco are required to obtain an electronic travel authorisation (an “ETA”) through an online application at no cost. Ghana has yet to implement a reciprocal ETA system, and Moroccan nationals travelling to Ghana are currently issued with gratis visas. Ghanaian passport holders aged 55 and above are exempt from the ETA requirement and may travel to Morocco without a visa.

 

 

Technology, Media and Telecommunications

The Government, through the Ministry of Communication, Digital Technology and Innovations (“MoC”), is developing several laws to address key areas of Ghana’s digital sector. The MoC conducted public consultations on these proposed laws in 2025 and stakeholder engagements are ongoing.

 

Information Technology

 

• Emerging Technologies - The Government is proposing an Emerging Technologies Bill, 2025 as the legal and regulatory framework for the responsible development and use of artificial intelligence (“”), blockchain and other emerging technologies. The Emerging Technologies Bill establishes the Emerging Technologies Agency to, among others, advance the adoption of emerging technologies, deploy these technologies to increase productivity, and provide harmonised rules on ethics and safety. The agency would have divisions responsible for AI, blockchain-based technologies,  Internet of Things (IoT), cloud technologies and quantum computing.

 

• Secure Sharing of Public Interest Data - The Data Harmonisation Bill, 2025 seeks to establish a comprehensive legal and institutional framework for the standardisation and secure sharing of public interest data in Ghana and is currently being developed. The Bill provides for the establishment of a National Data Exchange Platform, a central national infrastructure for the secure, standardised and interoperable exchange of public interest data held by public institutions and private entities. Entities that generate or manage such data will be required to onboard to the platform. The Bill also requires data holders to classify data as open, shareable or restricted.

 

Electronic Communications

 

• Review of National Communications Act, 2008 (Act 769) - The Government intends to amend the National Communications Authority Act, 2008 (Act 769), to expand the role of the National Communications Authority (“”) to include broader coordination and promotional functions within the sector. The Bill requires the NCA, in performing its functions, to have regard to applicable international standards and best practices, including guidelines of the International Telecommunication Union and relevant regional or bilateral protocols ratified or adopted by the country.

 

• Review of Electronic Communications Act, 2008 (Act 775) -The Government intends to introduce the Electronic Communications Bill, 2025, to repeal and replace the existing Electronic Communications Act, 2008 (Act 775). The Bill seeks to:

 

1. modernise and consolidate the legal and regulatory framework governing electronic communications,  broadcasting and related digital services;

2. promote fair competition, innovation, and investment in Ghana’s communications and digital ecosystem;

3. enhance and promote consumer protection, data privacy, cybersecurity resilience, and universal access to communications services; and

4. ensure alignment of emerging technologies, international best practices and national digital transformation objectives.

 

Cybersecurity

 

The Government has proposed the Cybersecurity (Amendment) Bill, 2025, to amend the Cybersecurity Act, 2020 (Act 1038) (“Cybersecurity Act”). The Bill empowers the Cyber Security Authority (“CSA”), acting under the Attorney-General’s mandate, to investigate and prosecute cybercrimes, including offences under the Electronic Transactions Act, 2008 (Act 772). The CSA will also be empowered to apply to the High Court for orders to confiscate money, properties and other assets derived from cybercrimes. The CSA will also be mandated to establish security standards, certify emerging technologies, and accredit cybersecurity institutions and professionals. Additionally, it may promote the online protection of vulnerable groups, collaborate on developing technical security solutions and guidelines, and support the protection of digital rights in the context of cybersecurity.